{"id":48521,"date":"2013-05-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-05-02T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/video-kate-crawford-of-microsoft-on-big-data-vs-data-with-depth\/"},"modified":"2013-05-02T00:41:47","modified_gmt":"2013-05-02T00:41:47","slug":"video-kate-crawford-of-microsoft-on-big-data-vs-data-with-depth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth","title":{"rendered":"Video: Kate Crawford of Microsoft on Big Data Vs. Data With Depth"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A fascinating presentation by Kate Crawford, principal researcher at Microsoft Research, at the 2013 Strata Conference takes a closer look at <a href=\"\/definition\/27745\/big-data\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">big data<\/a> and what it means, exploring some of what Crawford calls &quot;algorithmic illusions&quot; and the limitations of the large-scale data solutions that are being embraced in many parts of the business world.<\/p>\n<p>Using a fundamental analogy to an optical illusion involving a spinning cat, Crawford makes the case that while big data is essential to many business applications, there\u2019s more than one way to interpret many of the results of data sets that may seem objective to human decision makers.<\/p>\n<p><iframe width=\"575\" height=\"315\" src=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/irP5RCdpilc\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\" _idv_element_hash=\"128174320\"><\/iframe> &quot;Things can be seen differently,&quot; Crawford said, citing a paper in which she and co-author David Boyd reflect on some major principles of big data use, including what Crawford calls &quot;mythology,&quot; or the belief that big data brings absolute truth and objectivism to a project. Leaders, she said, often directly associate big data with an objective bird\u2019s-eye view, while ignoring what she called the three fundamental limitations or considerations that may affect this objectivity in key ways: bias, signal and scale.<\/p>\n<p> Starting with bias, Crawford uses examples of flooding in Australia and the United States to show that big data doesn\u2019t always match the reality on the street. She ties in the second principle, signal, further illustrating how data sets can reflect hidden actualities that can heavily skew the results. As one example, Crawford cited the multiple kinds of world maps that have been developed in an attempt to show an objective view of the relative size of continents and nations.<\/p>\n<p> &quot;Maps are not neutral,&quot; Crawford said. &quot;We\u2019re making choices every time we decide to represent our data.&quot;<\/p>\n<p> To further illustrate the principle, Crawford uses the example of an application that reports potholes in Boston to city officials, suggesting that these kinds of apps that work on smartphones and mobile devices can end up making overall reports look a lot like census maps indicating relative age and income across a city or municipality.<\/p>\n<p> &quot;We run the risk of further entrenching particular kinds of social inequity,&quot; Crawford said, pointing to those who may be left out of a given big data set due to differences in technology use. <\/p>\n<p>&quot;What happens if you live in the shadow of big data sets?&quot; she said.<\/p>\n<p> In addition, Crawford also talks about research from years ago that questioned whether high-level information always represents more granular data and whether an &quot;objective panorama&quot; always works as a more accurate representation than data on a smaller scale. Crawford also asks listeners to think not just about big data, but about &quot;data with depth.&quot; By this, she means data that truly guides readers toward objective reality, rather than glossing over details with a more global approach that, while easier to understand, may leave out key elements of what actually exists.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A fascinating presentation by Kate Crawford, principal researcher at Microsoft Research, at the 2013 Strata Conference takes a closer look at big data and what it means, exploring some of what Crawford calls &quot;algorithmic illusions&quot; and the limitations of the large-scale data solutions that are being embraced in many parts of the business world. Using [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7683,"featured_media":48522,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[561,586,592],"tags":[],"category_partsoff":[],"class_list":["post-48521","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-it-business-alignment","category-emerging-technology","category-identity-access-governance"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.2 (Yoast SEO v24.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Video: Kate Crawford of Microsoft on Big Data Vs. Data With Depth - Techopedia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A fascinating presentation by Kate Crawford, principal researcher at Microsoft Research, at the 2013 Strata Conference takes a closer look at big data and what it means, exploring some of what Crawford calls &amp;quot ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Video: Kate Crawford of Microsoft on Big Data Vs. Data With Depth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A fascinating presentation by Kate Crawford, principal researcher at Microsoft Research, at the 2013 Strata Conference takes a closer look at big data and what it means, exploring some of what Crawford calls &amp;quot ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Techopedia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/techopedia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-05-02T00:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2013-05-02T00:41:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-magazine-tabloid-poster-brochure-flyer-paper-licen-3.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Justin Stoltzfus\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@techopedia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@techopedia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Justin Stoltzfus\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Justin Stoltzfus\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/person\/46f97cb714cb2148cdd2eb6cda78f07e\"},\"headline\":\"Video: Kate Crawford of Microsoft on Big Data Vs. Data With Depth\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-05-02T00:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2013-05-02T00:41:47+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth\"},\"wordCount\":506,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-magazine-tabloid-poster-brochure-flyer-paper-licen-3.jpg\",\"articleSection\":\"\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2013\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth\",\"name\":\"Video: Kate Crawford of Microsoft on Big Data Vs. Data With Depth - Techopedia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-magazine-tabloid-poster-brochure-flyer-paper-licen-3.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-05-02T00:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2013-05-02T00:41:47+00:00\",\"description\":\"A fascinating presentation by Kate Crawford, principal researcher at Microsoft Research, at the 2013 Strata Conference takes a closer look at big data and what it means, exploring some of what Crawford calls &quot ...\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-magazine-tabloid-poster-brochure-flyer-paper-licen-3.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-magazine-tabloid-poster-brochure-flyer-paper-licen-3.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Emerging Technology\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/topic\/225\/emerging-technology\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Identity &amp; Access Governance\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/topic\/237\/identity-access-governance\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Video: Kate Crawford of Microsoft on Big Data Vs. Data With Depth\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/\",\"name\":\"Techopedia\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Techopedia\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/techopedia-light-logo.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/techopedia-light-logo.svg\",\"caption\":\"Techopedia\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/techopedia\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/techopedia\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/techopedia\/\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/Techopedia\"],\"publishingPrinciples\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/about\/editorial-policy\",\"ownershipFundingInfo\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/about\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/person\/46f97cb714cb2148cdd2eb6cda78f07e\",\"name\":\"Justin Stoltzfus\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-beard-face-portrait-300x300.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-beard-face-portrait-300x300.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Justin Stoltzfus\"},\"description\":\"Justin Stoltzfus is an independent blogger and business consultant assisting a range of businesses in developing media solutions for new campaigns and ongoing operations. He is a graduate of James Madison University.Stoltzfus spent several years as a staffer at the Intelligencer Journal in Lancaster, Penn., before the merger of the city\u2019s two daily newspapers in 2007. He also reported for the twin weekly newspapers in the area, the Ephrata Review and the Lititz Record.More recently, he has cultivated connections with various companies as an independent consultant, writer and trainer, collecting bylines in print and Web publications, and establishing a reputation for excellence in corporate training, marketing campaigns and other media projects.\",\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/www.local-citizen.com\"],\"knowsAbout\":[\"Contributor\",\"Reviewer\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/contributors\/justin-stoltzfus\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Video: Kate Crawford of Microsoft on Big Data Vs. Data With Depth - Techopedia","description":"A fascinating presentation by Kate Crawford, principal researcher at Microsoft Research, at the 2013 Strata Conference takes a closer look at big data and what it means, exploring some of what Crawford calls &quot ...","robots":{"index":"noindex","follow":"follow"},"og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Video: Kate Crawford of Microsoft on Big Data Vs. Data With Depth","og_description":"A fascinating presentation by Kate Crawford, principal researcher at Microsoft Research, at the 2013 Strata Conference takes a closer look at big data and what it means, exploring some of what Crawford calls &quot ...","og_url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth","og_site_name":"Techopedia","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/techopedia\/","article_published_time":"2013-05-02T00:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2013-05-02T00:41:47+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-magazine-tabloid-poster-brochure-flyer-paper-licen-3.jpg","width":1,"height":1,"type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Justin Stoltzfus","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@techopedia","twitter_site":"@techopedia","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Justin Stoltzfus","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth"},"author":{"name":"Justin Stoltzfus","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/person\/46f97cb714cb2148cdd2eb6cda78f07e"},"headline":"Video: Kate Crawford of Microsoft on Big Data Vs. Data With Depth","datePublished":"2013-05-02T00:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2013-05-02T00:41:47+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth"},"wordCount":506,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-magazine-tabloid-poster-brochure-flyer-paper-licen-3.jpg","articleSection":"","inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#respond"]}],"copyrightYear":"2013","copyrightHolder":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth","url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth","name":"Video: Kate Crawford of Microsoft on Big Data Vs. Data With Depth - Techopedia","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-magazine-tabloid-poster-brochure-flyer-paper-licen-3.jpg","datePublished":"2013-05-02T00:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2013-05-02T00:41:47+00:00","description":"A fascinating presentation by Kate Crawford, principal researcher at Microsoft Research, at the 2013 Strata Conference takes a closer look at big data and what it means, exploring some of what Crawford calls &quot ...","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-magazine-tabloid-poster-brochure-flyer-paper-licen-3.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-magazine-tabloid-poster-brochure-flyer-paper-licen-3.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29294\/trends\/big-data\/video-from-big-data-to-data-with-depth#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Emerging Technology","item":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/topic\/225\/emerging-technology"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Identity &amp; Access Governance","item":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/topic\/237\/identity-access-governance"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Video: Kate Crawford of Microsoft on Big Data Vs. Data With Depth"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/","name":"Techopedia","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization","name":"Techopedia","url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/techopedia-light-logo.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/techopedia-light-logo.svg","caption":"Techopedia"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/techopedia\/","https:\/\/x.com\/techopedia","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/techopedia\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/Techopedia"],"publishingPrinciples":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/about\/editorial-policy","ownershipFundingInfo":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/about"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/person\/46f97cb714cb2148cdd2eb6cda78f07e","name":"Justin Stoltzfus","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-beard-face-portrait-300x300.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/human-people-person-beard-face-portrait-300x300.jpg","caption":"Justin Stoltzfus"},"description":"Justin Stoltzfus is an independent blogger and business consultant assisting a range of businesses in developing media solutions for new campaigns and ongoing operations. He is a graduate of James Madison University.Stoltzfus spent several years as a staffer at the Intelligencer Journal in Lancaster, Penn., before the merger of the city\u2019s two daily newspapers in 2007. He also reported for the twin weekly newspapers in the area, the Ephrata Review and the Lititz Record.More recently, he has cultivated connections with various companies as an independent consultant, writer and trainer, collecting bylines in print and Web publications, and establishing a reputation for excellence in corporate training, marketing campaigns and other media projects.","sameAs":["http:\/\/www.local-citizen.com"],"knowsAbout":["Contributor","Reviewer"],"url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/contributors\/justin-stoltzfus"}]}},"modified_by":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48521","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7683"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48521"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48521\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48521"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48521"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48521"},{"taxonomy":"category_partsoff","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category_partsoff?post=48521"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}