{"id":47842,"date":"2020-09-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-09-09T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/the-5-programming-languages-that-built-the-internet\/"},"modified":"2024-11-05T16:12:20","modified_gmt":"2024-11-05T16:12:20","slug":"the-5-programming-languages-that-built-the-internet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet","title":{"rendered":"Top 14 Programming Languages That Built the Internet"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/2419\/internet\">internet<\/a> couldn&#8217;t possibly run without someone somewhere writing some <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/589\/code\">code<\/a>. But there are a few particular <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/24815\/programming-language\">languages<\/a> that provided the foundation upon which the Web we know today is built.<\/p>\n<p>These fourteen languages have helped shape the modern internet.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#dddddd;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#F7F7F7;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<h2><span id=\"key_takeaways\">Key Takeaways<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>JavaScript is essential for creating interactive, dynamic content across browsers.<\/li>\n<li>Python, with simple syntax and strong libraries, is widely used for backend web development and varied applications.<\/li>\n<li>C shaped modern software development practices, notably powering Unix and influencing internet technology.<\/li>\n<li>PHP enables easy HTML embedding, streamlining interactive web development with database integration.<\/li>\n<li>Ruby on Rails supports rapid development, simplifying web application building and maintenance.<\/li>\n<li>Go optimizes performance and concurrency, making it ideal for scalable web infrastructure and services.<\/li>\n<li>Lisp&#8217;s unique ability to treat code as data fostered early artificial intelligence research that shaped internet infrastructure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div>\n    <section class=\"toc-sticky w-100 bg-white \">\n        <div class=\"toc-sticky__container container\">\n            <div class=\"toc-sticky__open d-flex align-items-end\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                 aria-controls=\"multiCollapse1\"\n                 data-bs-target=\"#multiCollapse1\">\n                <button\n                        class=\"btn btn-primary collapse-action-btn p-1 rounded-circle\"\n                        type=\"button\"\n                >\n                    <i class=\"icon-chevron-up\"><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <span id=\"toc-current-title\" class=\"d-flex align-items-center\">\n                    Table of Contents\n                <\/span>\n                <span class=\"toc-main-title-permanent\">Table of Contents<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div\n                    class=\"collapse my-3\"\n                    id=\"multiCollapse1\"\n            >\n                <ol class=\"StepProgress\">\n                                                                        <li class=\"StepProgress-item current\">\n                                                <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                            <a data-id=\"key_takeaways\"\n                               onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"key_takeaways\")\n                               class=\"StepProgress-item__link\" data-level=\"2\">Key Takeaways<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                                                        <li class=\"StepProgress-item\">\n                                                <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                            <a data-id=\"top_14_programming_languages_forming_the_internet_basis\"\n                               onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"top_14_programming_languages_forming_the_internet_basis\")\n                               class=\"StepProgress-item__link\" data-level=\"2\">Top 14 Programming Languages Forming the Internet Basis<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                                                        <li class=\"StepProgress-item\">\n                                                <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                            <a data-id=\"10_major_languages\"\n                               onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"10_major_languages\")\n                               class=\"StepProgress-item__link\" data-level=\"2\">10 Major Languages<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                                                        <li class=\"StepProgress-item\">\n                                                <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                            <a data-id=\"4_honorable_mentions\"\n                               onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"4_honorable_mentions\")\n                               class=\"StepProgress-item__link\" data-level=\"2\">4 Honorable Mentions<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                                                        <li class=\"StepProgress-item\">\n                                                <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                            <a data-id=\"the_bottom_line\"\n                               onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"the_bottom_line\")\n                               class=\"StepProgress-item__link\" data-level=\"2\">The Bottom Line<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                                                        <li class=\"StepProgress-item\">\n                                                <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                            <a data-id=\"faqs\"\n                               onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"faqs\")\n                               class=\"StepProgress-item__link\" data-level=\"2\">FAQs<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div class=\"toc-sticky__container__disperse\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"toc-sticky__btn-top justify-content-center\">\n                    <button class=\"btn btn-link d-flex align-items-center\" onclick={btnTop()}><p>Show Full Guide<\/p><img decoding=\"async\"\n                                src=\"\/wp-content\/plugins\/table-of-contents\/assets\/images\/arrow-up-circle.svg\"\n                                alt=\"arrow-up-circle\">\n                    <\/button>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n    <div class=\"toc-sticky-list\">\n        <div class=\"toc-sticky__container container\">\n            <div class=\"toc-sticky__open d-flex align-items-end\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" aria-controls=\"multiCollapse2\" data-bs-target=\"#multiCollapse2\">\n                <button class=\"btn btn-primary collapse-action-btn p-1 rounded-circle\"\n                        type=\"button\">\n                    <i class=\"icon-chevron-up up\"><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <span id=\"toc-current-title\" class=\"d-flex align-items-center\">\n                    Table of Contents\n                <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div  class=\"collapse my-3\" id=\"multiCollapse2\">\n                <ol class=\"StepProgress\">\n                    \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t                                                     <li class=\"StepProgress-item current \">\n                                                    <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                                <a data-id=\"key_takeaways\"\n                                   onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"key_takeaways\")\n                                   class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                                   data-level=\"2\">Key Takeaways<\/a>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                    \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t                                                     <li class=\"StepProgress-item \">\n                                                    <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                                <a data-id=\"top_14_programming_languages_forming_the_internet_basis\"\n                                   onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"top_14_programming_languages_forming_the_internet_basis\")\n                                   class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                                   data-level=\"2\">Top 14 Programming Languages Forming the Internet Basis<\/a>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                    \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t                                                     <li class=\"StepProgress-item \">\n                                                    <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                                <a data-id=\"10_major_languages\"\n                                   onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"10_major_languages\")\n                                   class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                                   data-level=\"2\">10 Major Languages<\/a>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                    \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <span class=\"show_moretoc\">Show Full Guide<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t                                                      <li class=\"StepProgress-item ms_hidetoc\">\n                                                    <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                                <a data-id=\"4_honorable_mentions\"\n                                   onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"4_honorable_mentions\")\n                                   class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                                   data-level=\"2\">4 Honorable Mentions<\/a>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                    \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t                                                      <li class=\"StepProgress-item ms_hidetoc\">\n                                                    <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                                <a data-id=\"the_bottom_line\"\n                                   onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"the_bottom_line\")\n                                   class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                                   data-level=\"2\">The Bottom Line<\/a>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                    \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t                                                      <li class=\"StepProgress-item ms_hidetoc\">\n                                                    <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                                <a data-id=\"faqs\"\n                                   onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"faqs\")\n                                   class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                                   data-level=\"2\">FAQs<\/a>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"toc-sticky__container__disperse\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<script id=\"toc-js\">\n    window.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", () => {\n        const header = document.querySelector(\".header_wrapper\");\n\n        const pageLegend = document.querySelector('#multiCollapse1');\n        const pageLegendList = document.querySelector('#multiCollapse2');\n        const pageLegendCollapse = new bootstrap.Collapse(pageLegend, {toggle: document.querySelector(\".toc-sticky\").classList.contains('sticky')});\n\n        \/**\n         * Changing current title\n         *\/\n        (function (pageLegend) {\n            const titleNodes = pageLegend.querySelectorAll('.StepProgress-item__link');\n\n            if (!titleNodes.length) return;\n\n            const titles = [...titleNodes].map((itm, i) => ({\n                id: itm.getAttribute('data-id'),\n                text: itm.textContent,\n                level: itm.getAttribute('data-level'),\n                linkNode: itm,\n                titleNode: document.getElementById(itm.getAttribute('data-id')),\n                index: i,\n            }));\n\n            \/**\n             * Source: https:\/\/www.sitepoint.com\/throttle-scroll-events\/\n             * @param {Function} fn\n             * @param {number} wait\n             * @returns {(function(): void)|*}\n             *\/\n            const throttle = (fn, wait) => {\n                let time = Date.now();\n                return function () {\n                    if ((time + wait - Date.now()) < 0) {\n                        fn();\n                        time = Date.now();\n                    }\n                }\n            }\n\n            const changeCurrentTitle = () => {\n                const documentScrollTop = window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop || document.body.scrollTop || 0;\n                let current = 0;\n\n                \/\/ Title\n                titles.forEach((itm, i) => {\n\t\t\t\t\/\/console.log(itm)\n                    const itmOffsetTop = itm.titleNode ? itm.titleNode.offsetTop - 100 : 0;\n\n                    if (documentScrollTop >= itmOffsetTop) {\n                        document.getElementById('toc-current-title').innerHTML = itm.text;\n                        document.getElementById('toc-current-title').setAttribute('data-current-id', itm.id);\n                        document.getElementById('toc-current-title').setAttribute('data-current-level', itm.level);\n                        current = i;\n                    }\n                })\n\n                \/\/ close all list and open sub list if needed\n                if (document.querySelector(\".toc-sticky\").classList.contains('sticky')) {\n                    document.querySelectorAll('.subList-in-progress').forEach((el) => {\n                        el.children[1].classList.remove('show');\n                        el.getElementsByClassName('icon-chevron-down')[0].classList.remove('up');\n                    });\n                    const currentEl = titles[current];\n                    currentEl.linkNode.classList.add('show');\n                }\n\n                titles.forEach((itm, i) => {\n                    itm.linkNode.parentNode.parentNode.classList.remove('current', 'is-done');\n                    if (current > i) {\n                        itm.linkNode.parentNode.parentNode.classList.add('is-done')\n                    };\n                    if (current === i) {\n                      itm.linkNode.parentNode.parentNode.classList.add('current');\n                    };\n                })\n\n            }\n\n            changeCurrentTitle();\n\n            document.addEventListener('scroll', throttle(changeCurrentTitle, 50));\n        })(pageLegend);\n\n\n        \/**\n         *  Collapse\n         *\/\n        (function (pageLegend, header) {\n            const icon = pageLegend.parentNode.querySelector(\".collapse-action-btn i\");\n\n            const collapseToggle = (status) => (e) => {\n                if (!e.target.isEqualNode(pageLegend)) return;\n\n                icon.classList.toggle(\"up\");\n\n                const containerHeight = pageLegend.getBoundingClientRect().height;\n\n                const showSubtitleContent = () => {\n                    const currentId = document.getElementById('toc-current-title').getAttribute('data-current-id');\n                    const currentLevel = document.getElementById('toc-current-title').getAttribute('data-current-level');\n                    const currentSubTitle = currentLevel == 3 ? document.querySelector(`a[data-id=\"${currentId}\"]`).parentNode.parentNode.parentNode : false;\n\n                    if (!currentSubTitle) return;\n                    new bootstrap.Collapse(currentSubTitle, {toggle: false}).show();\n                }\n\n                showSubtitleContent();\n                if (status === 'shown' && document.querySelector(\".toc-sticky\").classList.contains('sticky') ) {\n                    document.querySelector('html').classList.remove('overflow-hidden');\n                    pageLegend.classList.add('overflow-auto');\n                    pageLegend.style.height = `calc(100vh - ${header.getBoundingClientRect().height + document.querySelector('.toc-sticky__open').getBoundingClientRect().height + 16}px)`;\n                } else if (status === 'hide') {\n                    document.querySelector('html').classList.remove('overflow-hidden');\n                    pageLegend.classList.remove('overflow-auto');\n                    pageLegend.style.height = 'auto';\n                }\n            }\n\n            pageLegend.addEventListener('shown.bs.collapse', collapseToggle('shown'));\n            pageLegend.addEventListener('hide.bs.collapse', collapseToggle('hide'));\n        })(pageLegend, header);\n\n        \/**\n         * Collapse sub-titles\n         *\/\n        (function (pageLegend) {\n            const collapseEls = pageLegend.querySelectorAll('.collapse');\n\n            collapseEls.forEach(function (el) {\n\n                const toggleArrowDirection = function (e) {\n                    if (!e.target.isEqualNode(el)) return;\n\n                    const id = this.getAttribute('id');\n                    document.querySelector(`.collapse-action-btn[data-bs-target=\"#${id}\"] .icon-chevron-down`).classList.toggle('up');\n                }\n                el.addEventListener('shown.bs.collapse', toggleArrowDirection);\n                el.addEventListener('hide.bs.collapse', toggleArrowDirection);\n            })\n        })(pageLegend);\n\n        \/**\n         *  Collapse main title\n         *\/\n        (function (pageLegendList) {\n            const icon = pageLegendList.parentNode.querySelector(\".collapse-action-btn i\");\n\n            const collapseToggle = () => (e) => {\n                if (!e.target.isEqualNode(pageLegendList)) return;\n\n                icon.classList.toggle(\"up\");\n\n            }\n            pageLegendList.addEventListener('shown.bs.collapse', collapseToggle());\n            pageLegendList.addEventListener('hide.bs.collapse', collapseToggle());\n        })(pageLegendList);\n\n        (function (pageLegendList) {\n            const collapseEls = pageLegendList.querySelectorAll('.collapse');\n\n            collapseEls.forEach(function (el) {\n\n                const toggleArrowDirection = function (e) {\n                    if (!e.target.isEqualNode(el)) return;\n\n                    const id = this.getAttribute('id');\n                    document.querySelector(`.toc-sticky-list .collapse-action-btn[data-bs-target=\"#${id}\"] .icon-chevron-down`).classList.toggle('up');\n                }\n                el.addEventListener('shown.bs.collapse', toggleArrowDirection);\n                el.addEventListener('hide.bs.collapse', toggleArrowDirection);\n            })\n        })(pageLegendList);\n\n        \/**\n         * Sticky functionality\n         * Source: https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/17893771\/javascript-sticky-div-after-scroll\n         *\/\n        (function (header, pageLegendCollapse) {\n            \/\/ set everything outside the onscroll event (less work per scroll)\n            const target = document.querySelector(\".toc-sticky\");\n            const targetListStatic = document.querySelector(\".toc-sticky-list\");\n\n            if (!target || !header) return;\n\n            const headerHeight = header.getBoundingClientRect().height;\n            const targetHeight = targetListStatic.getBoundingClientRect().height;\n\n            \/\/ -headerHeight so it won't be jumpy\n            const stop = targetListStatic.offsetTop + headerHeight + targetHeight;\n            const docBody =\n                document.documentElement || document.body.parentNode || document.body;\n            const hasOffset = window.pageYOffset !== undefined;\n\n            const applySticky = function () {\n                \/\/ cross-browser compatible scrollTop.\n                const scrollTop = hasOffset ? window.pageYOffset : docBody.scrollTop;\n\n                \/\/ if user scrolls to headerHeight from the top of the target div\n                if (scrollTop >= stop) {\n                    pageLegendCollapse.hide();\n                    \/\/ stick the div\n                    target.classList.add(\"sticky\");\n                    \/\/target.style.marginTop = `${headerHeight}px`;\n                } else {\n                    pageLegendCollapse.show();\n                    \/\/ release the div\n                    target.classList.remove(\"sticky\");\n                    target.style.marginTop = \"\";\n                }\n            }\n\n            applySticky();\n\n            window.addEventListener('scroll', applySticky);\n        })(header, pageLegendCollapse);\n\tjQuery('span.show_moretoc').click(function(){\n\t\tjQuery('span.show_moretoc').hide();\n\t   jQuery('.ms_hidetoc').show();\n\t});\n    });\n\n    \/\/ When the user clicks on the button, scroll to the top of the document\n    function btnTop() {\n        const pageLegend = document.querySelector('#multiCollapse1');\n        document.querySelector('html').classList.remove('overflow-hidden');\n        pageLegend.classList.remove('overflow-auto');\n        pageLegend.style.height = 'auto';\n        window.scrollTo({\n            top: 0,\n            behavior: 'smooth'\n        });\n    }\n\n    const handleScrollToTitle = (id) => {\n        const el = document.getElementById(id);\n        const headerHeightDifference = window.innerWidth < 992 ? -30 : -15;\n        window.scrollTo({\n            top: el.offsetTop - 60 - headerHeightDifference - 10,\n        });\n    }\n<\/script>\n\n<h2><span id=\"top_14_programming_languages_forming_the_internet_basis\">Top 14 Programming Languages Forming the Internet Basis<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Although we might be guilty of taking the internet for granted, the following list is a timely reminder that without these programming languages, the internet wouldn&#8217;t exist.<\/p>\n<div class=\"infogram-embed\" data-id=\"6a8e39dd-c8db-4399-8953-8d626067a9fc\" data-type=\"interactive\" data-title=\"Top 14 Programming Languages Forming the Internet Basis\"><\/div>\n<p><script>!function(e,n,i,s){var d=\"InfogramEmbeds\";var o=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];if(window[d]&&window[d].initialized)window[d].process&&window[d].process();else if(!e.getElementById(i)){var r=e.createElement(n);r.async=1,r.id=i,r.src=s,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,\"script\",\"infogram-async\",\"https:\/\/e.infogram.com\/js\/dist\/embed-loader-min.js\");<\/script><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"10_major_languages\">10 Major Languages<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3>1. Lisp: Enabling Early Internet &amp; AI<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<strong>Invented By<\/strong>: John McCarthy<br \/>\n<strong>Year<\/strong>: Late 1950s<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights<\/strong>: Pioneered AI programming, introduced conditionals, and blurred the line between code and data. Known as a &#8220;programmable programming language.&#8221;<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>This language is actually not widely used on the internet but is responsible for building the internet in many ways. Invented by John McCarthy in the late 1950s, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/28775\/lisp\">Lisp<\/a> tied together the research community that helped create the internet.<\/p>\n<p>Spreading out of MIT, Lisp offered some modern features for the first time, such as conditionals. But what was really mind-blowing about Lisp was that it made no distinction between code and data. Lisp could treat code as data and data as code. Lisp makes it possible to extend the language in ways that its designers never intended, giving rise to the term &#8220;programmable programming language.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Lisp became the lingua franca of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/190\/artificial-intelligence-ai\">artificial intelligence<\/a> community, the community that DARPA called on to build what eventually became the internet in the late 1960s. With the &#8220;AI Winter&#8221; in the late &#8217;80s, Lisp&#8217;s fortunes sank somewhat, although it still had its fans.<\/p>\n<p>One of them, Paul Graham, later to found the startup incubator Y Combinator, used it to build one of the first e-commerce companies, Viaweb, which was later purchased by Yahoo. Graham credited the ability to write powerful software by himself as one of the reasons for its success.<\/p>\n<p>The first version of the popular social news website <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/31604\/reddit\">Reddit<\/a> was also built in Common Lisp.<\/p>\n<h3>2. C: Forming Portable OSs &amp; Modern Computing<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<p><strong>Invented By<\/strong>: Dennis Ritchie<br \/>\n<strong>Year<\/strong>: 1970s<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights<\/strong>: Created at Bell Labs for Unix, enabling portability across platforms, C is fundamental to operating system development.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>The single most influential programming language today might be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/the-history-of-the-c-programming-language\/2\/32996\">C<\/a>. Invented at Bell Labs in the &#8217;70s, it was one of the first high-level programming languages to have an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/operating-system-os\">operating system<\/a> written in it. And that operating system just happens to be Unix. Because it was written in C, it was possible to move Unix to different platforms.<\/p>\n<p>Rewriting Unix in C was a major breakthrough. Previously, operating systems were written in assembly language, as they had to be really close to the hardware. C, on the other hand, was a higher-level language but was still close enough to the hardware to write an operating system in.<\/p>\n<p>This made Unix one of the first portable operating systems. A C program could be compiled to run on different operating systems, but since most of the early C <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/4813\/programmer\">programmers<\/a> also happened to be Unix programmers, they tended to assume that their programs would be run under Unix and developed their code accordingly. Because it was relatively easy to port Unix to other computers, lots of people did so.<\/p>\n<p>C has obviously had a lot of success outside of Unix. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/3390\/microsoft-windows\">Windows<\/a> is coded in C, as are many other applications.<\/p>\n<p>As C creator Dennis Ritchie wrote, &#8220;C is quirky, flawed, and an enormous success. While accidents of history surely helped, it evidently satisfied a need for a system implementation language efficient enough to displace assembly language, yet sufficiently abstract and fluent to describe algorithms and interactions in a wide variety of environments.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h3>3. Perl: &#8220;Duct Tape&#8221; for Enabling Dynamic Web Content<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<strong>Invented By<\/strong>: Larry Wall<br \/>\n<strong>Year<\/strong>: Late 1980s<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights<\/strong>: Known as &#8220;the duct tape of the internet,&#8221; popular for quick web development and flexibility in scripting.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/29271\/development\/programming-languages\/perl-101\">Perl<\/a> isn&#8217;t as talked-about as it was in the &#8217;90s, but it is still a major part of the internet. In fact, it owes its popularity to the internet. Perl was invented in the late &#8217;80s by Larry Wall when he was working for NASA&#8217;s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, as recounted in a book called &#8220;Programming Perl.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Wall needed a configuration management system to talk to several Unix computers on opposite coasts. None of the existing Unix tools could do the job, so he took the lazy route and invented a whole new programming language.<\/p>\n<p>Wall, as recounted, released it in 1987 over Usenet and it attracted an instant community of developers across the growing internet, one of the first major open-source projects to gain traction before Linux.<\/p>\n<p>When the web took off, Perl found a niche as one of the languages of choice for developing dynamic web pages. Syntactically, it resembled C but was implemented at an even higher level without the need to manually manage memory. This meant that developers could write, test, and debug programs quickly.<\/p>\n<p>Perl is very flexible, leading to some ugly code. Its combination of ugliness and usefulness has given it the moniker of &#8220;the duct tape of the internet.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Although Python and PHP have stolen a bit of Perl&#8217;s thunder, its importance to the spread of the internet is undeniable.<\/p>\n<h3>4. PHP: Powering Dynamic Web Pages &amp; Modern Websites<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<strong>Invented By<\/strong>: Rasmus Lerdorf<br \/>\n<strong>Year<\/strong>: 1994<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights<\/strong>: Made it simple to add dynamic content to web pages and integrate with databases like MySQL.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>Speaking of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/2\/28997\/development\/web-development\/php-101\">PHP<\/a>, this language has dethroned Perl as one of the major building blocks of modern dynamic web pages. Like Perl, it has a reputation for letting people write ugly code, yet it still runs a lot of websites that people use every day, including <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/4941\/facebook\">Facebook<\/a>. It was created in 1994 by Rasmus Lerdorf.<\/p>\n<p>PHP might make computer scientists scoff, but if you want to be taken seriously as a web developer, it&#8217;s a skill you should have on your resume.<\/p>\n<p>The reason that it&#8217;s become so popular is that PHP code can be embedded right into a web page. This means you don&#8217;t have to put your PHP script in a separate program and generate <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/1892\/hypertext-markup-language-html\">HTML<\/a> code using Perl or C.<\/p>\n<p>This makes it very easy for people who already know HTML to learn PHP and add interactivity to their pages. It&#8217;s also easy to integrate PHP with an SQL server such as MySQL.<\/p>\n<h3>5. SQL: Structuring Data Across the Web<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<strong>Invented By<\/strong>: Edgar F. Codd<br \/>\n<strong>Year<\/strong>: 1970s<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights<\/strong>: The standard for querying relational databases, SQL is intuitive and crucial for managing structured data on websites.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/1245\/structured-query-language-sql\">SQL<\/a> stands for Structured Query Language. It&#8217;s a way to form queries for relational databases. It&#8217;s also relatively easy to learn, as it uses English-like commands. There are plenty of implementations, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/3498\/mysql\">MySQL<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/3499\/postgresql\">PostgreSQL<\/a>, which are popular <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/3294\/open-source\">open-source<\/a> relational database servers.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/24610\/sqlite\">SQLite<\/a> is a smaller variant that is used in many applications, such as Apple&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/245\/itunes\">iTunes<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Although invented by Edgar F. Codd in the 1970s, SQL and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/1234\/relational-database-rdb\">relational database<\/a> took a while to become popular. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/investing\/oracle-stock-forecast\">Oracle<\/a> first popularized relational databases, then MySQL made it a must-have technology for building <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/5411\/website\">websites<\/a>. The relational model provided a simple and efficient way to manage large amounts of data.<\/p>\n<h3>6. Python: Redefining Development, Data Science &amp; Automation<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<strong>Invented By<\/strong>: Guido van Rossum<br \/>\n<strong>Year<\/strong>: 1990s<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights<\/strong>: Known for readability and simplicity, Python is versatile for web development, data science, automation, and more.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/3533\/python\">Python<\/a> is the creation of Guido van Rossum and is most commonly used for developing websites and software. It was initially designed as a general-purpose language that focused on readability and simplicity. The ripple effect of its impact can be found in everything from task automation and data analysis to data visualization. These are just a few reasons why Python remains a top choice for developers.<\/p>\n<p>The language has continued to evolve through several major versions, with Python 3 released in 2008, marking a notable update that would improve consistency and remove legacy features. Today, it can be found in the backend services and processes of everything from Facebook to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/investing\/netflix-stock-forecast\">Netflix<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>One of the biggest reasons the language remains so popular today is that Python programs can run on different operating systems, such as Windows, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/2639\/macintosh-operating-system-mac-os\">macOS<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/3512\/linux\">Linux<\/a>, without requiring changes to the code.<\/p>\n<p>Being open-source, Python encourages a collaborative approach to development driven by a passionate community that contributes to libraries and frameworks while also supporting each other.<\/p>\n<h3>7. JavaScript: Standardizing Interactivity Across the Web<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<strong>Invented By<\/strong>: Brendan Eich<br \/>\n<strong>Year<\/strong>: 1995<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights<\/strong>: Created for browser interactivity, it has become one of the most popular languages with significant ECMAScript updates.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>One of the unsung heroes of shaping open-source web standards on the web is Brendan Eich, who many will know for his time at Mozilla, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/273\/firefox\">Firefox<\/a>, and the Brave Browser. But if we go back to May 1995, Eich created <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/3929\/javascript-js\">JavaScript<\/a> during his time at Netscape Communications.<\/p>\n<p>This moment would spark a pivotal role in the development of the internet, even though its quirks were often blamed for JavaScript fatigue.<\/p>\n<p>Despite challenges during the infamous browser wars, where incompatible versions like Microsoft&#8217;s JScript emerged, JavaScript&#8217;s adaptability has been marked by significant updates in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/14291\/ecmascript\">ECMAScript<\/a> versions over the years.<\/p>\n<p>Today, JavaScript remains one of the most popular programming languages in the world, thanks to its versatility and ubiquity across all major web browsers.<\/p>\n<h3>8. Ruby: Transforming Web Applications With Rails<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<strong>Invented By<\/strong>: Yukihiro Matsumoto<br \/>\n<strong>Year<\/strong>: 1993<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights<\/strong>: Known for developer-friendly syntax, Ruby emphasized joy in coding and was propelled by the Ruby on Rails framework.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>Yukihiro &#8220;Matz&#8221; Matsumoto famously created <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/3301\/ruby\">Ruby<\/a> in 1993. His unique emphasis on making coding enjoyable and productive would lay the groundwork for what would become a pivotal language in web development.<\/p>\n<p>Matsumoto&#8217;s inspiration from programming paradigms in Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp infused Ruby with a design philosophy focused on developer satisfaction and expressiveness.<\/p>\n<p>This philosophy was further propelled into the global spotlight with the release of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/3534\/ruby-on-rails-ror\">Ruby on Rails<\/a> framework in 2005, which revolutionized the building of web applications by enabling rapid development cycles and enhancing code maintainability.<\/p>\n<p>The language&#8217;s readability simplifies the coding process, making it more accessible and reducing barriers to entry for new programmers. Today, the developer-friendly syntax has helped Ruby on Rails to remain popular in web application projects.<\/p>\n<h3>9. Go (Golang): Building Scalable Applications<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<strong>Invented By: <\/strong>Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, Ken Thompson<br \/>\n<strong>Year: <\/strong>2009<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights: <\/strong>Designed for efficiency and concurrency, Go is popular for building high-performance and scalable applications.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>Conceived by Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/32308\/go-programming-languages\">Go<\/a> was designed to streamline the flaws of other languages while preserving their best attributes. Go was publicly released as an open-source project in November 2009, with its first stable version launching in March 2012. But it quickly became known as Golang, due to its original domain name, golang.org.<\/p>\n<p>Go was designed to improve programming productivity in the era of multicore, network machines, and large codebases to address criticisms of other languages utilized by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/investing\/alphabet-stock-forecast\">Google<\/a> at the time.<\/p>\n<p>Today, Go&#8217;s presence can be found in building and maintaining internet infrastructure, particularly in developing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/32503\/microservices\">microservices<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/29017\/cloud-services\">cloud services<\/a>, and other network applications.<\/p>\n<p>Its built-in support for concurrent programming with goroutines and channels, fast compilation times, and the ability to operate across multiple platforms have made it a go-to language for developers looking to build high-performance and scalable web applications.<\/p>\n<h3>10. TypeScript: Bridging the Gap in Large-Scale JavaScript Development<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<strong>Invented By: <\/strong>Microsoft (lead architect Anders Hejlsberg)<br \/>\n<strong>Year: <\/strong>2012<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights: <\/strong>Extends JavaScript with static typing for better maintainability in large-scale projects.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/investing\/microsoft-stock-forecast\">Microsoft<\/a> developed TypeScript with Anders Hejlsberg as the lead architect. It was released on October 1, 2012. The language was designed to overcome the challenges of managing large and complex codebases in JavaScript.<\/p>\n<p>Today, TypeScript&#8217;s integration of static typing into JavaScript enhances code quality and maintainability, which is crucial for large-scale application development. The language offers superior tooling support with features like IntelliSense and advanced refactoring. All of which has helped streamline the development process.<\/p>\n<p>Additionally, TypeScript ensures compatibility with the latest ECMAScript features while supporting transpilation to standards-based JavaScript. This ensures that code can run in any browser or JavaScript engine.<\/p>\n<p>The open-source nature of TypeScript, coupled with support from Microsoft, has fueled ongoing development and community-driven improvements, making it even more popular with developers.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"4_honorable_mentions\">4 Honorable Mentions<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3>11. C#: Limited Yet Powerful Appeal in Web Development<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<strong>Created By: <\/strong>Microsoft<br \/>\n<strong>Year: <\/strong>2000<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights: <\/strong>Developed for use with the .NET framework, C# is popular in corporate environments for building dynamic web pages and services.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/26272\/c-sharp\">C#<\/a> is extensively used in web development, especially in environments that leverage Microsoft&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/3734\/net-framework-net\">.NET<\/a> framework, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/3213\/asp-net\">ASP.NET<\/a>, for building dynamic web pages and services.<\/p>\n<p>It could arguably feature higher in the list for web development due to its popularity in corporate environments that heavily rely on Microsoft technologies. But it&#8217;s not as widely used outside of this niche.<\/p>\n<h3>12. Swift: Niche Server-Side Use Beyond iOS &amp; MacOS Development<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<strong>Created By:<\/strong>\u00a0Apple<br \/>\n<strong>Year: <\/strong>2014<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights: <\/strong>Primarily used for iOS and macOS development, Swift also supports server-side programming with frameworks like Vapor.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/32592\/swift-programming-language\">Swift<\/a> is used to develop iOS and macOS applications. Swift has gained adoption in server-side programming with frameworks like Vapor.<\/p>\n<p>However, it&#8217;s less commonly used for web development when compared to languages like JavaScript or Python.<\/p>\n<h3>13. Kotlin: Popular for Android, Less So for Web Development<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<strong>Created By<\/strong>: JetBrains<br \/>\n<strong>Year<\/strong>: 2011<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights<\/strong>: Known for Android app development, Kotlin is also used on the server side, especially with Ktor.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>While <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/34021\/kotlin\">Kotlin<\/a> is a popular choice for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/5415\/android\">Android<\/a> app development, its use in web development outside of this niche is less dominant.<\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s often used on the server side with frameworks like Ktor, but it has a different ecosystem and community support level for web development than Java or JavaScript.<\/p>\n<h3>14. Rust: High Performance With a Niche Web Development Presence<\/h3>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#e5e54c;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#FFFF66;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<strong>Created By<\/strong>: Mozilla (Software developer Graydon Hoare)<br \/>\n<strong>Year: <\/strong>2010<br \/>\n<strong>Highlights: <\/strong>Emphasizes performance and memory safety with applications in systems programming and web assembly for high-performance browser projects.<br \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/32591\/rust-programming-language\">Rust<\/a> is gaining traction for its performance and safety features, particularly in system programming and areas where memory safety is crucial. It&#8217;s also used in web assembly projects requiring high web browser performance.<\/p>\n<p>But Rust is not typically used for general web development tasks like building web applications or backend services where languages like JavaScript or Python are the most common standard.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"the_bottom_line\">The Bottom Line<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>When rapidly clicking through tabs on their browsers, many are blissfully unaware of the foundational role that these programming languages have played in shaping the internet we all take for granted.<\/p>\n<p>Although software development trends are evolving, with new tools emerging every day, many of these languages continue to shape the future of the web.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"faqs\">FAQs<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"man_faq_sec\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/FAQPage\"><\/time><section class=\"ms_faq ms_card \" ><div itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\"><div class=\"accordionButton\"><h3 itemprop=\"name\">What are the top 5 programming languages for the web?<\/h3> <\/div>\n<div class=\"accordionContent\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\" style=\"display:none;\"><p itemprop=\"text\">JavaScript, Python, TypeScript, Java, and Ruby are currently the top 5 programming languages for the web.<\/p>\r\n                <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"ms_faq ms_card \" ><div itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\"><div class=\"accordionButton\"><h3 itemprop=\"name\">What programming language is the internet built on?<\/h3> <\/div>\n<div class=\"accordionContent\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\" style=\"display:none;\"><p itemprop=\"text\">The internet is not built on a single programming language. Instead, it&#8217;s a vast network of technologies and protocols. However, the foundational technologies that structure and style web content are HTML for content structure, CSS for presentation, and JavaScript for interactivity.<\/p>\r\n                <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"ms_faq ms_card \" ><div itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\"><div class=\"accordionButton\"><h3 itemprop=\"name\">What are the top 5 programming languages used in web development?<\/h3> <\/div>\n<div class=\"accordionContent\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\" style=\"display:none;\"><p itemprop=\"text\">JavaScript, Python, TypeScript, Java, and PHP are the top 5 programming languages used in web development. Despite its waning popularity, PHP is powering popular content management systems like WordPress, which still runs a significant portion of the web.<\/p>\r\n                <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"ms_faq ms_card \" ><div itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\"><div class=\"accordionButton\"><h3 itemprop=\"name\">What was the first language used in the internet?<\/h3> <\/div>\n<div class=\"accordionContent\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\" style=\"display:none;\"><p itemprop=\"text\">The first programming language used on the internet for more dynamic and interactive web applications was Perl. Developed by Larry Wall in 1987, Perl became widely adopted for web development in the early 1990s.<\/p>\n<p>But HTML (HyperText Markup Language), developed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990, was the first language used to create and structure web pages on the internet. Although it is a markup language rather than a programming language, HTML remains the foundational backbone of all web content.<\/p>\r\n                <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The internet couldn&#8217;t possibly run without someone somewhere writing some code. But there are a few particular languages that provided the foundation upon which the Web we know today is built. These fourteen languages have helped shape the modern internet. Top 14 Programming Languages Forming the Internet Basis Although we might be guilty of taking [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":286637,"featured_media":345770,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[574],"tags":[],"category_partsoff":[],"class_list":["post-47842","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-programming-languages"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.2 (Yoast SEO v24.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Top 14 Programming Languages That Built the Internet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Without these programming languages, the internet wouldn&#039;t exist. These languages\u2014some dating back to the 1950s\u2014are the foundation for the web we surf today.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Top 14 Programming Languages That Built the Internet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Without these programming languages, the internet wouldn&#039;t exist. These languages\u2014some dating back to the 1950s\u2014are the foundation for the web we surf today.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Techopedia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/techopedia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-09-09T00:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-05T16:12:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Top-14-Programming-Languages-That-Built-the-Internet.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"686\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Neil C. Hughes\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@https:\/\/twitter.com\/NeilCHughes\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@techopedia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Neil C. Hughes\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"13 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Neil C. Hughes\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/person\/c5cba4c3a759c96c88b5a061d7c1b87e\"},\"headline\":\"Top 14 Programming Languages That Built the Internet\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-09-09T00:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-05T16:12:20+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet\"},\"wordCount\":2832,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Top-14-Programming-Languages-That-Built-the-Internet.webp\",\"articleSection\":\"\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2020\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet\",\"name\":\"Top 14 Programming Languages That Built the Internet\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Top-14-Programming-Languages-That-Built-the-Internet.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-09-09T00:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-05T16:12:20+00:00\",\"description\":\"Without these programming languages, the internet wouldn't exist. These languages\u2014some dating back to the 1950s\u2014are the foundation for the web we surf today.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Top-14-Programming-Languages-That-Built-the-Internet.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Top-14-Programming-Languages-That-Built-the-Internet.webp\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":686,\"caption\":\"Top 14 Programming Languages That Built the Internet\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Software Development\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/topic\/2\/software-development\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Programming Languages\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/topic\/89\/programming-languages\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Top 14 Programming Languages That Built the Internet\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/\",\"name\":\"Techopedia\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Techopedia\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/techopedia-light-logo.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/techopedia-light-logo.svg\",\"caption\":\"Techopedia\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/techopedia\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/techopedia\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/techopedia\/\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/Techopedia\"],\"publishingPrinciples\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/about\/editorial-policy\",\"ownershipFundingInfo\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/about\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/person\/c5cba4c3a759c96c88b5a061d7c1b87e\",\"name\":\"Neil C. Hughes\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/avatar_user_286637_1695737175-300x300.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/avatar_user_286637_1695737175-300x300.jpeg\",\"caption\":\"Neil C. Hughes\"},\"description\":\"Neil is a freelance tech journalist with 20 years of experience in IT. He\u2019s the host of the popular Tech Talks Daily Podcast, picking up a LinkedIn Top Voice for his influential insights in tech. Apart from Techopedia, his work can be found on INC, TNW, TechHQ, and Cybernews. Neil's favorite things in life range from wandering the tech conference show floors from Arizona to Armenia to enjoying a 5-day digital detox at Glastonbury Festival and supporting Derby County.\u00a0 He believes technology works best when it brings people together.\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/techblogwriter.co.uk\/\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/neilchughes\/\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/neilchughes\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/https:\/\/twitter.com\/NeilCHughes\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@NeilHughes\/videos\"],\"knowsAbout\":[\"Senior Technology Writer\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/contributors\/neilhughes\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Top 14 Programming Languages That Built the Internet","description":"Without these programming languages, the internet wouldn't exist. These languages\u2014some dating back to the 1950s\u2014are the foundation for the web we surf today.","robots":{"index":"noindex","follow":"follow"},"og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Top 14 Programming Languages That Built the Internet","og_description":"Without these programming languages, the internet wouldn't exist. These languages\u2014some dating back to the 1950s\u2014are the foundation for the web we surf today.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet","og_site_name":"Techopedia","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/techopedia\/","article_published_time":"2020-09-09T00:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-11-05T16:12:20+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":686,"url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Top-14-Programming-Languages-That-Built-the-Internet.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"author":"Neil C. Hughes","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@https:\/\/twitter.com\/NeilCHughes","twitter_site":"@techopedia","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Neil C. Hughes","Est. reading time":"13 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet"},"author":{"name":"Neil C. Hughes","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/person\/c5cba4c3a759c96c88b5a061d7c1b87e"},"headline":"Top 14 Programming Languages That Built the Internet","datePublished":"2020-09-09T00:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-11-05T16:12:20+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet"},"wordCount":2832,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Top-14-Programming-Languages-That-Built-the-Internet.webp","articleSection":"","inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#respond"]}],"copyrightYear":"2020","copyrightHolder":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet","url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet","name":"Top 14 Programming Languages That Built the Internet","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Top-14-Programming-Languages-That-Built-the-Internet.webp","datePublished":"2020-09-09T00:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-11-05T16:12:20+00:00","description":"Without these programming languages, the internet wouldn't exist. These languages\u2014some dating back to the 1950s\u2014are the foundation for the web we surf today.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Top-14-Programming-Languages-That-Built-the-Internet.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Top-14-Programming-Languages-That-Built-the-Internet.webp","width":1200,"height":686,"caption":"Top 14 Programming Languages That Built the Internet"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/programming-languages-that-built-the-internet#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Software Development","item":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/topic\/2\/software-development"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Programming Languages","item":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/topic\/89\/programming-languages"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Top 14 Programming Languages That Built the Internet"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/","name":"Techopedia","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#organization","name":"Techopedia","url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/techopedia-light-logo.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/techopedia-light-logo.svg","caption":"Techopedia"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/techopedia\/","https:\/\/x.com\/techopedia","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/techopedia\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/Techopedia"],"publishingPrinciples":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/about\/editorial-policy","ownershipFundingInfo":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/about"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/person\/c5cba4c3a759c96c88b5a061d7c1b87e","name":"Neil C. Hughes","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/avatar_user_286637_1695737175-300x300.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/avatar_user_286637_1695737175-300x300.jpeg","caption":"Neil C. Hughes"},"description":"Neil is a freelance tech journalist with 20 years of experience in IT. He\u2019s the host of the popular Tech Talks Daily Podcast, picking up a LinkedIn Top Voice for his influential insights in tech. Apart from Techopedia, his work can be found on INC, TNW, TechHQ, and Cybernews. Neil's favorite things in life range from wandering the tech conference show floors from Arizona to Armenia to enjoying a 5-day digital detox at Glastonbury Festival and supporting Derby County.\u00a0 He believes technology works best when it brings people together.","sameAs":["https:\/\/techblogwriter.co.uk\/","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/neilchughes\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/neilchughes\/","https:\/\/x.com\/https:\/\/twitter.com\/NeilCHughes","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@NeilHughes\/videos"],"knowsAbout":["Senior Technology Writer"],"url":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/contributors\/neilhughes"}]}},"modified_by":"kseniachapchikova","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47842","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/286637"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47842"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47842\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":345772,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47842\/revisions\/345772"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/345770"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47842"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47842"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47842"},{"taxonomy":"category_partsoff","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category_partsoff?post=47842"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}