{"id":124464,"date":"2023-11-09T12:57:35","date_gmt":"2023-11-09T12:57:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com"},"modified":"2023-11-10T15:02:39","modified_gmt":"2023-11-10T15:02:39","slug":"inside-the-scottish-governments-tech-transformation-interview-with-neill-smith-exclusive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/scottish-government-tech-transformation-exclusive-interview-with-neill-smith","title":{"rendered":"Inside the Scottish Government’s Tech Transformation: Interview with Neill Smith [Exclusive]"},"content":{"rendered":"
The Agricultural Economy Directorate<\/a> stands as a pivotal division within the Scottish Government, operating essentially as an in-house software development firm.<\/span><\/p>\n Their primary function is to craft digital applications that enable farmers to apply for subsidies, with the directorate disbursing an impressive sum of approximately $1 billion. This translation to a more globally resonant currency underscores the substantial scale of their financial operations.<\/span><\/p>\n Managing a multifaceted team, the directorate oversees a diverse array of platforms, including a significant VMware<\/a> infrastructure, alongside modern deployments in Kubernetes<\/a> and AWS<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n This blend of physical, virtual, cloud, and containerized environments is maintained by a skilled team of system administrators, database administrators across various database systems, and specialists in identity management spanning multiple products. The team’s expertise is further augmented by capabilities in automation<\/a> and cybersecurity<\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n This approach is emblematic of a broader shift within the public sector, where the adoption of cutting-edge technologies and a cultural transformation towards a more agile and collaborative environment are seen as essential to delivering value and service excellence to citizens.<\/span><\/p>\n I sat down with Neill Smith, Head of Infrastructure (ARE Directorate) for the Scottish Government, to learn more about technology’s role behind the scenes.<\/span><\/p>\n Q:<\/strong> What influenced the Scottish Government’s transition towards the cloud?<\/em><\/p>\n A:<\/strong> I think governments interpret a cloud-first strategy as meaning everything goes in the cloud<\/a>. And I was like: “That’s not what it means.”<\/span><\/p>\n Sometimes, you have to break that down into civil service talk and the phrases that will generally resonate. I always say you host your workloads based on the requirements. But I’ve spoken to numerous other government organizations throughout the whole UK, not just in Scotland.<\/span><\/p>\n In the private sector, they say, “I’m all in on AWS or Azure”, and I ask: “Why did you do that?” They’ll come up with some reasons why they’ve picked the technology. But now, they find themselves shoehorning their requirements into the technology. The reality is that AWS or Azure don’t do the best of everything.<\/span><\/p>\n I would rather begin the conversation by asking, what does my requirement dictate?\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n The trick is to deliver this message into civil service speak. <\/span>I use the phrase “cloud’s not prescriptive” \u2014 it’s like you or I in this room, going to the doctor, and he or she prescribing us the same medicine. Well, that’s nonsense, right? Because we’re unique and we’re different. <\/span><\/p>\n Now, the chances are that a large percentage of our workloads will be in the cloud. It shouldn’t be that it’s got to go there no matter what.<\/span><\/p>\n However, this brings its own challenges because if you’re saying you want to use multi-cloud<\/a>, how are you managing that? Because it’s difficult enough to get skills. And now you need skills in two providers.<\/span><\/p>\n I believe that people and culture drive the change, and if you do it right, it’s awesome. If you do cloud bad, you can be in a bad place.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n \u00a0Q:<\/strong> I spent a little time in Estonia earlier this year, and they’ve created a digital society with 98 percent of services completely online. Do you think it is important for governments to embrace modernization efforts and meet the rising expectations of their citizens?<\/em><\/p>\n A:<\/strong> I think it is, and I think everybody sees it now. It doesn’t matter if you’re buying a car or getting a credit card. The processes are so quick and easy now, right? So, I think when you’re providing digital services to the public sector, people expect that. It’s about being digitally smart so you can make efficiencies in terms of processes and cost.<\/span><\/p>\n It’s about making the end user happy. For us, if we can simplify something by filling in an online form instead of paper, citizens will be happier. But we could take it to a wider area where a lot of the government departments still aren’t joined up. We might be asking users to input data that we already have.<\/span><\/p>\n So, as part of maybe the future is actually enabling that data sharing piece where we already know all about you. But Estonia is really groundbreaking on that.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Q:<\/strong>What have been the major challenges and opportunities on your cloud journey?\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n A:<\/strong> The cloud skills shortage is a real challenge. I always use the phrase “clouds a beast”, and Kubernetes is a beast. These really are awesome platforms.<\/span><\/p>\n But they’re extremely difficult, complex, and evolving so quickly. So, there’s a reason why cloud engineers or Kubernetes engineers are in high demand and they get a high salary. In the beginning, I don’t think the Government fully realized the complexity of the apps.<\/span><\/p>\n I think many see the cloud as, “oh, it’s dead easy, right? We’ll just put it in the cloud, and everything works”. And it’s not like that simple.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n Traditionally, you would have a network guy who looked after the network, a backup guy for backup, and a storage guy for storage, but now, if you’re a cloud engineer, they expect you to know all of that, and it evolves really quickly. It can be difficult to keep up.<\/span><\/p>\n Fundamentally, the challenges are retaining and recruiting people. But one thing that the Government’s great at is we have a great training budget \u2014 I think we should really sell that.<\/span><\/p>\n I always say that if we can attract people who have a genuine interest but don’t really have any real background or certification, we can create the right culture and the right environment, and they’re gonna fly.<\/span><\/p>\n However, we do need to acknowledge that although we can attract those people, there will be an attrition rate, but that’s okay, right? They might want to go to cool companies like VMware or Xtravirt. But, there might be people that stay. And the more people that stay, and the better people, the quicker we can change the culture and do cooler new tech.<\/span><\/p>\n Q: <\/strong>Do you think the industry needs to encourage people from different backgrounds into tech to unlock the diversity of thought needed to solve complex tech problems?<\/em><\/p>\n A:<\/strong> You look around that room at some tech events where everyone is talking about artificial intelligence<\/a> (AI) and the fears around bias. However, the majority of attendees are males. Then, you know, who are building the large language models<\/a> (LLMs), and then that’s going to result in unintentional bias. <\/span><\/p>\n If you have more of an eclectic mix of people and a diverse team, the better you’ll have in terms of ideas because people come from different backgrounds, with different outlooks and you can really smash it.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n Unfortunately, it’s still a challenge. You look around. It’s still, it’s male-dominated; it is improving, but it’s improving slowly.<\/span><\/p>\n Q:<\/strong> Here at VMware Explore in Barcelona, Private AI seems to be dominating conversations. Is that something you will be taking away as well?<\/em><\/p>\n A: <\/strong>Yeah, it makes sense from a government point of view because there are a lot of court cases getting mentioned, such as stock photography provider <\/span>Getty launching lawsuits in the US and the UK against Stability AI.<\/span><\/a> Again, the Government’s quite slow to that, and I think it’s very much in its infancy, and obviously, at <\/span>Bletchley Park and beyond,<\/span><\/a> leaders are exploring regulation.<\/span><\/p>\nScottish Government’s Cloud Migration<\/span><\/h2>\n
The Citizen Expectation Shift: Why Governments Must Modernize<\/span><\/h2>\n
The Cloud Skills Shortage Dilemma<\/span><\/h2>\n
Diversity of Thought in Tech<\/span><\/h2>\n
Pushing Boundaries Without Breaking Rules<\/span><\/h2>\n