{"id":4079,"date":"2011-07-17T21:12:31","date_gmt":"2011-07-17T21:12:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/virtual-private-server\/"},"modified":"2024-05-21T15:02:44","modified_gmt":"2024-05-21T15:02:44","slug":"virtual-private-server","status":"publish","type":"definition","link":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/4800\/virtual-private-server-vps","title":{"rendered":"Virtual Private Server (VPS)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span id=\"what_is_a_virtual_private_server_vps\">What is a Virtual Private Server (VPS)?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A virtual private server (VPS) is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/27139\/virtual-server\">virtual server<\/a> that the user perceives as a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/4868\/dedicated-server\">dedicated server<\/a>, even though it is installed on a physical <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/4607\/computer\">computer<\/a> running multiple <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/3515\/operating-system-os\">operating systems<\/a> (OS). VPSs are created using <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/719\/virtualization\">virtualization<\/a> technology, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/5544\/partition\">partitioning<\/a> a physical server into multiple virtual servers, each isolated from the others.<\/p>\n<p>A VPS mimics a dedicated server within its shared server environment, providing the user with dedicated resources such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/2851\/central-processing-unit-cpu\">central processing unit<\/a> (CPU), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/24491\/random-access-memory-ram\">Random Access Memory<\/a> (RAM), and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/1115\/storage\">storage<\/a>. It allows users to have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/5464\/root\">root access<\/a> to the operating system to install and run custom <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/4356\/software\">software<\/a>, just like on a private or dedicated server. Common uses include media streaming, website or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/hosting\/best-email-hosting\">email hosting<\/a>, and gaming servers.<\/p>\n<p><strong>VPS features<\/strong> include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cost-effectiveness, compared to dedicated servers<\/li>\n<li>Customizable configurations<\/li>\n<li>Dedicated resources<\/li>\n<li>Root access<\/li>\n<li>Security protocols<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A virtual private server is also known as a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/26808\/virtual-dedicated-server-vds\">virtual dedicated server (VDS)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Virtual-Private-Server-VPS.jpeg\" alt=\"Virtual Private Server (VPS) meaning explained\" width=\"1200\" height=\"760\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-245399\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Virtual-Private-Server-VPS.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Virtual-Private-Server-VPS-300x190.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Virtual-Private-Server-VPS-1024x649.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Virtual-Private-Server-VPS-768x486.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#dddddd;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#f7f7f7;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">\n<h2><span id=\"key_takeaways\">Key Takeaways<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Virtual private servers use virtualization technology to partition a physical server into multiple virtual servers.<\/li>\n<li>Virtual private servers are commonly used for media streaming, gaming servers, file storage, website or email hosting.<\/li>\n<li>A VPS provides the same functionality and privacy as a physical computer and runs its own operating system.<\/li>\n<li>VPSs are cost-effective compared to dedicated servers.<\/li>\n<li>VPSs are isolated environments providing enhanced security, root access, and high control.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"how_vps_works\">How VPS Works<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/How-a-VPS-Works.jpeg\" alt=\"A chart explaining how a VPS works\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1630\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-245398\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/How-a-VPS-Works.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/How-a-VPS-Works-221x300.jpeg 221w, https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/How-a-VPS-Works-754x1024.jpeg 754w, https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/How-a-VPS-Works-768x1043.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/How-a-VPS-Works-1131x1536.jpeg 1131w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>A VPS is created using virtualization technology to partition a physical server into multiple virtual servers, each isolated from the others. It acts like a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/4805\/virtual-machine-vm\">virtual machine<\/a> dedicated to individual user needs, similar to a separate physical computer. Each VPS provides the same functionality and privacy as a physical computer and runs its own operating system.<\/p>\n<p>Performance isolation, meaning the separation of performance resources like CPU, RAM, and storage, ensures activities on one VPS do not impact the others. Many VPS providers offer features such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/988\/automatic-backup-system-abs\">automated backups<\/a>, enhanced security, and access to control panels for easier management.<\/p>\n<p>Advancements in virtualization technology have made VPS hosting cost-effective compared to dedicated servers. Common <strong>hosting options<\/strong> include <em>unmanaged<\/em>, where the user manages the server, or <em>unmetered<\/em>, allowing unlimited <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/18715\/data-transfer\">data transfer<\/a> on a fixed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/5245\/bandwidth\">bandwidth<\/a> line.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"vps_uses\">VPS Uses<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Knowing when to use VPS can help you choose the right hosting solution. Virtual private servers are versatile and often used when more control and resources are needed than shared hosting options provide.<\/p>\n<p>Examples of VPS uses include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/432\/application-server\">Application hosting<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/32099\/automation\">Automation<\/a> tools<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/30011\/email-hosting\">Email hosting<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/7199\/file\">File<\/a> storage<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/1913\/gaming\">Gaming<\/a> Servers<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/14586\/streaming-media\">Media streaming<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/4200\/proxy-server\">Proxy servers<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/29023\/web-hosting\">Website hosting<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"vps_vs_shared_hosting_dedicated_hosting\">VPS vs. Shared Hosting &amp; Dedicated Hosting<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Different-Types-of-Web-Hosting.jpg\" alt=\"A chart showing the different types of web hosting\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1230\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-245415\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Different-Types-of-Web-Hosting.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Different-Types-of-Web-Hosting-293x300.jpg 293w, https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Different-Types-of-Web-Hosting-999x1024.jpg 999w, https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Different-Types-of-Web-Hosting-768x787.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Think of VPS as the middle ground \u2013 balancing performance, control, and costs \u2013 between shared hosting and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/23354\/dedicated-hosting\">dedicated hosting<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-table su-table-responsive su-table-alternate\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Shared Hosting<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Dedicated Hosting<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>VPS<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Shares resources among multiple users<\/td>\n<td>Provides an entire physical server<\/td>\n<td>Dedicated resources, shared physical server<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Varied performance, but can be slow<\/td>\n<td>Offers maximum performance, no sharing<\/td>\n<td>Isolation offers stable performance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Higher security risk due to shared vulnerabilities<\/td>\n<td>Highest security, no sharing<\/td>\n<td>Isolated environments provide enhanced security<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Limited control, access, and customization<\/td>\n<td>Full control, maximum access and customization<\/td>\n<td>Root access, high control<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cheapest option<\/td>\n<td>Most expensive option<\/td>\n<td>Moderate cost<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"virtual_private_server_pros_and_cons\">Virtual Private Server Pros and Cons<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-row\"><div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p><strong>Pros <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/pros.svg\" alt=\"pros\" width=\"24\" height=\"26\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-list\" style=\"margin-left:0px\">\n<ul>\n<li><i class=\"sui sui-check-circle\" style=\"color:#3CB371\"><\/i> Cost-effective compared to dedicated hosting<\/li>\n<li><i class=\"sui sui-check-circle\" style=\"color:#3CB371\"><\/i> Dedicated resources for better performance<\/li>\n<li><i class=\"sui sui-check-circle\" style=\"color:#3CB371\"><\/i> Root access for customization<\/li>\n<li><i class=\"sui sui-check-circle\" style=\"color:#3CB371\"><\/i> Suitable for hosting multiple applications<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2 pros_icons_\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p><strong>Cons <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cons.svg\" alt=\"cons\" width=\"24\" height=\"26\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-list\" style=\"margin-left:0px\">\n<ul>\n<li><i class=\"sui sui-remove\" style=\"color:#e31f28\"><\/i> Can be affected by physical server issues<\/li>\n<li><i class=\"sui sui-remove\" style=\"color:#e31f28\"><\/i> Limited resources compared to dedicated servers<\/li>\n<li><i class=\"sui sui-remove\" style=\"color:#e31f28\"><\/i> More expensive than shared hosting<\/li>\n<li><i class=\"sui sui-remove\" style=\"color:#e31f28\"><\/i> Requires more technical knowledge to manage<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"vps_security_concerns\">VPS Security Concerns<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>VPS security concerns stem from the shared nature of the physical server, which can expose <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/13484\/vulnerability\">vulnerabilities<\/a> if not properly managed. The virtual private server definition involves multiple users sharing the same <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/2210\/hardware-hw\">hardware<\/a>, raising the risk of cross-contamination despite each virtual server being isolated. Choosing a reputable VPS provider with strong security protocols is crucial to mitigate these risks.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"vps_alternatives\">VPS Alternatives<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-accordion su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-arrow-circle-1\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><strong>Colocation<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>Rent data center space for your own physical servers.<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-arrow-circle-1 su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><strong>Content delivery network (CDN)<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/4191\/content-delivery-network-cdn\">Distributes content globally<\/a> to improve load times.<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-arrow-circle-1 su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><strong>Cloud hosting<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/29018\/cloud-hosting\">Scalable hosting<\/a> using a network of virtual servers.<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-arrow-circle-1 su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><strong>Dedicated hosting<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>Full control with an entire server for one user.<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-arrow-circle-1 su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><strong>Managed hosting<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/29016\/managed-cloud-hosting\">hosting provider manages server maintenance<\/a> and updates.<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-arrow-circle-1 su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><strong>Platform as a Service (PaaS)<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/147\/platform-as-a-service-paas\">Develop and manage applications<\/a> without infrastructure concerns.<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-fancy su-spoiler-icon-arrow-circle-1 su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span><strong>Shared hosting<\/strong><\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/definition\/15726\/shared-hosting\">Multiple users share resources on a single server<\/a>.<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"the_bottom_line\">The Bottom Line<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The virtual private server meaning is a hosting solution offering dedicated resources on a shared physical server. VPS provides more control and resources than shared hosting but without the high cost and performance capabilities of a dedicated server.<\/p>\n<p>A key benefit of using a VPS is the ability to install software with root access, though it&#8217;s important to choose a reputable VPS hosting provider with strong security protocols.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"faqs\">FAQs<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"man_faq_sec\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/FAQPage\"><section class=\"ms_faq ms_card \" ><div itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\"><div class=\"accordionButton\"><h3 itemprop=\"name\">What is a virtual private server (VPS) in simple terms?<\/h3> <\/div>\n<div class=\"accordionContent\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\" style=\"display:none;\"><p itemprop=\"text\">A virtualized server that mimics a dedicated server environment within a shared server.<\/p>\r\n                <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"ms_faq ms_card \" ><div itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\"><div class=\"accordionButton\"><h3 itemprop=\"name\">What is a VPS used for?<\/h3> <\/div>\n<div class=\"accordionContent\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\" style=\"display:none;\"><p itemprop=\"text\">Virtual private servers are versatile and commonly used for media streaming, gaming servers, file storage, website or email hosting.<\/p>\r\n                <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"ms_faq ms_card \" ><div itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\"><div class=\"accordionButton\"><h3 itemprop=\"name\">Why do I need a virtual private server?<\/h3> <\/div>\n<div class=\"accordionContent\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\" style=\"display:none;\"><p itemprop=\"text\">You need a virtual private server if you require more control and resources than shared hosting provides, but don&#8217;t need a dedicated server.<\/p>\r\n                <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"ms_faq ms_card \" ><div itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\"><div class=\"accordionButton\"><h3 itemprop=\"name\">What is the difference between VPS and VPN?<\/h3> <\/div>\n<div class=\"accordionContent\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\" style=\"display:none;\"><p itemprop=\"text\">A VPN creates a secure, encrypted connection over the internet between a user&#8217;s device and a remote server. VPS is a virtualized server that provides dedicated resources and greater control within a shared physical server.<\/p>\r\n                <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"ms_faq ms_card \" ><div itemscope itemprop=\"mainEntity\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Question\"><div class=\"accordionButton\"><h3 itemprop=\"name\">Who needs VPS hosting?<\/h3> <\/div>\n<div class=\"accordionContent\" itemscope itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Answer\" style=\"display:none;\"><p itemprop=\"text\">Businesses or individuals who need more control and resources than shared hosting provides but do not require the full power and cost of a dedicated server.<\/p>\r\n                <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is a Virtual Private Server (VPS)? A virtual private server (VPS) is a virtual server that the user perceives as a dedicated server, even though it is installed on a physical computer running multiple operating systems (OS). VPSs are created using virtualization technology, partitioning a physical server into multiple virtual servers, each isolated from [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":286940,"featured_media":245397,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"definitioncat":[219,237],"class_list":["post-4079","definition","type-definition","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","definitioncat-networks","definitioncat-servers"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.8 (Yoast SEO v23.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is Virtual Private Server? 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