{"id":57691,"date":"2024-10-04T06:19:36","date_gmt":"2024-10-04T04:19:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/?post_type=definition&#038;p=57691"},"modified":"2024-10-04T11:03:20","modified_gmt":"2024-10-04T09:03:20","slug":"arquitectura-informatica","status":"publish","type":"definition","link":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/arquitectura-informatica","title":{"rendered":"Arquitectura inform\u00e1tica"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span id=\"que_significa_arquitectura_informatica\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 significa arquitectura inform\u00e1tica?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La arquitectura inform\u00e1tica es una especificaci\u00f3n que detalla c\u00f3mo interact\u00faan un conjunto de normas tecnol\u00f3gicas de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/software\">software<\/a> y <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/hardware\">hardware<\/a> para formar un sistema o plataforma inform\u00e1tica.<\/p>\n<p>En pocas palabras, <strong>la arquitectura inform\u00e1tica se refiere a c\u00f3mo est\u00e1 dise\u00f1ado un sistema inform\u00e1tico y con qu\u00e9 tecnolog\u00edas es compatible.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Como en otros contextos y significados de la palabra arquitectura, la arquitectura inform\u00e1tica se asemeja al arte de determinar las necesidades del usuario\/sistema\/tecnolog\u00eda, y crear un dise\u00f1o l\u00f3gico y unas normas basadas en esos requisitos.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"definicion_de_arquitectura_informatica\">Definici\u00f3n de arquitectura inform\u00e1tica<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Un muy buen ejemplo de arquitectura inform\u00e1tica es la arquitectura <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/cuello-botella-neumann\">von Neumann<\/a>, que sigue siendo utilizada por la mayor\u00eda de los tipos de ordenadores actuales. Fue propuesta por el matem\u00e1tico John von Neumann en 1945.<\/p>\n<p>Describe el dise\u00f1o de un ordenador electr\u00f3nico con su <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/cpu-unidad-central-procesamiento\">CPU<\/a>, que incluye la unidad aritm\u00e9tica l\u00f3gica, la unidad de control, los registros, la memoria para datos e instrucciones, una interfaz de entrada\/salida y funciones de almacenamiento externo.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Existen tres categor\u00edas de arquitectura inform\u00e1tica:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Dise\u00f1o del sistema:<\/strong> Incluye todos los componentes de hardware del sistema, incluidos los procesadores de datos aparte de la CPU, como la unidad de procesamiento gr\u00e1fico y el acceso directo a la memoria. Tambi\u00e9n incluye los controladores de memoria, las rutas de datos y cosas varias como el multiprocesamiento y la virtualizaci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Arquitectura del Conjunto de Instrucciones (ISA):<\/strong> Es el lenguaje de programaci\u00f3n integrado de la unidad central de procesamiento. Define las funciones y capacidades de la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/cpu-unidad-central-procesamiento\">CPU<\/a> bas\u00e1ndose en la programaci\u00f3n que puede realizar o procesar. Incluye el tama\u00f1o de palabra, los tipos de registro del procesador, los modos de direccionamiento de la memoria, los formatos de datos y el conjunto de instrucciones que utilizan los programadores.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Microarquitectura:<\/strong> Tambi\u00e9n conocida como organizaci\u00f3n del ordenador, este tipo de arquitectura define las rutas de datos y los elementos de procesamiento y almacenamiento de datos, as\u00ed como la forma en que deben implementarse en la ISA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00bfQu\u00e9 significa arquitectura inform\u00e1tica? La arquitectura inform\u00e1tica es una especificaci\u00f3n que detalla c\u00f3mo interact\u00faan un conjunto de normas tecnol\u00f3gicas de software y hardware para formar un sistema o plataforma inform\u00e1tica. En pocas palabras, la arquitectura inform\u00e1tica se refiere a c\u00f3mo est\u00e1 dise\u00f1ado un sistema inform\u00e1tico y con qu\u00e9 tecnolog\u00edas es compatible. Como en otros contextos [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7813,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"definitioncat":[331],"class_list":["post-57691","definition","type-definition","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","definitioncat-hardware"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.2 (Yoast SEO v24.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Categor\u00edas de la arquitectura de ordenadores<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Te explicamos las caracter\u00edsticas y objetivos principales de cada una de las categor\u00edas de la arquitectura de ordenadores.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta 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