{"id":2563,"date":"2024-01-01T21:00:47","date_gmt":"2024-01-01T21:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/?post_type=definition&#038;p=2563"},"modified":"2023-12-27T16:00:40","modified_gmt":"2023-12-27T14:00:40","slug":"solidity","status":"publish","type":"definition","link":"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/solidity","title":{"rendered":"Solidity"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n    <section class=\"toc-sticky w-100 bg-white \">\n        <div class=\"toc-sticky__container container\">\n            <div class=\"toc-sticky__open d-flex align-items-end\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                 aria-controls=\"multiCollapse1\"\n                 data-bs-target=\"#multiCollapse1\">\n                <button\n                        class=\"btn btn-primary collapse-action-btn p-1 rounded-circle\"\n                        type=\"button\"\n                >\n                    <i class=\"icon-chevron-up\"><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <span id=\"toc-current-title\" class=\"d-flex align-items-center\">\n                    Resumen\n                <\/span>\n                <span class=\"toc-main-title-permanent\">Resumen<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div\n                    class=\"collapse my-3\"\n                    id=\"multiCollapse1\"\n            >\n                <ol class=\"StepProgress\">\n                                                                        <li class=\"StepProgress-item current\">\n                                                <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                            <a data-id=\"que_es_solidity\"\n                               onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"que_es_solidity\")\n                               class=\"StepProgress-item__link\" data-level=\"2\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 es Solidity?<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                                                        <li class=\"StepProgress-item\">\n                                                <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                            <a data-id=\"como_funciona_solidity\"\n                               onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"como_funciona_solidity\")\n                               class=\"StepProgress-item__link\" data-level=\"2\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo funciona Solidity?<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                                                        <li class=\"StepProgress-item\">\n                                                <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                            <a data-id=\"como_se_creo_solidity\"\n                               onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"como_se_creo_solidity\")\n                               class=\"StepProgress-item__link\" data-level=\"2\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo se cre\u00f3 Solidity?<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                                                    <li class=\"StepProgress-item subList-in-progress \">\n                                                <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                            <a data-id=\"ventajas_y_desventajas_de_solidity\"\n                               onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"ventajas_y_desventajas_de_solidity\")\n                               class=\"StepProgress-item__link\" data-level=\"2\">Ventajas y desventajas de Solidity<\/a>\n                                                            <button class=\"StepProgress-item__arrow collapse-action-btn\" type=\"button\"\n                                        data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                                        data-bs-target=\"#TOC1sublist-ventajas_y_desventajas_de_solidity\"\n                                        aria-controls=\"sublist-ventajas_y_desventajas_de_solidity\">\n                                    <i class=\"icon-chevron-down\"><\/i>\n                                <\/button>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <ol class=\"StepProgress-sub-list collapse\" id=\"TOC1sublist-ventajas_y_desventajas_de_solidity\">\n                                                                    <li class=\"StepProgress-sub-item\">\n                    <span>\n                      <a data-id=\"ventajas_de_solidity\"\n                         onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"ventajas_de_solidity\")\n                         class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                         data-level=\"3\">Ventajas de Solidity<\/a>\n                    <\/span>\n                                    <\/li>\n                                                                    <li class=\"StepProgress-sub-item\">\n                    <span>\n                      <a data-id=\"desventajas_de_solidity\"\n                         onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"desventajas_de_solidity\")\n                         class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                         data-level=\"3\">Desventajas de Solidity<\/a>\n                    <\/span>\n                                    <\/li>\n                                                            <\/ol>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                                                        <li class=\"StepProgress-item\">\n                                                <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                            <a data-id=\"ejemplo_de_solidity\"\n                               onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"ejemplo_de_solidity\")\n                               class=\"StepProgress-item__link\" data-level=\"2\">Ejemplo de Solidity<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                                                        <li class=\"StepProgress-item\">\n                                                <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                            <a data-id=\"en_resumen\"\n                               onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"en_resumen\")\n                               class=\"StepProgress-item__link\" data-level=\"2\">En resumen<\/a>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div class=\"toc-sticky__container__disperse\"><\/div>\n                <div class=\"toc-sticky__btn-top justify-content-center\">\n                    <button class=\"btn btn-link d-flex align-items-center\" onclick={btnTop()}><p>Ver m\u00e1s<\/p><img decoding=\"async\"\n                                src=\"\/wp-content\/plugins\/table-of-contents\/assets\/images\/arrow-up-circle.svg\"\n                                alt=\"arrow-up-circle\">\n                    <\/button>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n    <div class=\"toc-sticky-list\">\n        <div class=\"toc-sticky__container container\">\n            <div class=\"toc-sticky__open d-flex align-items-end\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" aria-controls=\"multiCollapse2\" data-bs-target=\"#multiCollapse2\">\n                <button class=\"btn btn-primary collapse-action-btn p-1 rounded-circle\"\n                        type=\"button\">\n                    <i class=\"icon-chevron-up up\"><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <span id=\"toc-current-title\" class=\"d-flex align-items-center\">\n                    Resumen\n                <\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div  class=\"collapse my-3\" id=\"multiCollapse2\">\n                <ol class=\"StepProgress\">\n                    \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t                                                     <li class=\"StepProgress-item current \">\n                                                    <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                                <a data-id=\"que_es_solidity\"\n                                   onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"que_es_solidity\")\n                                   class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                                   data-level=\"2\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 es Solidity?<\/a>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                    \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t                                                     <li class=\"StepProgress-item \">\n                                                    <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                                <a data-id=\"como_funciona_solidity\"\n                                   onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"como_funciona_solidity\")\n                                   class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                                   data-level=\"2\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo funciona Solidity?<\/a>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                    \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t                                                     <li class=\"StepProgress-item \">\n                                                    <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                                <a data-id=\"como_se_creo_solidity\"\n                                   onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"como_se_creo_solidity\")\n                                   class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                                   data-level=\"2\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo se cre\u00f3 Solidity?<\/a>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                    \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t <span class=\"show_moretoc\">Ver m\u00e1s<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t                          \t\t\t\t\t\t\n                        <li class=\"StepProgress-item subList-in-progress  ms_hidetoc\">\n                                                    <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                                <a data-id=\"ventajas_y_desventajas_de_solidity\"\n                                   onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"ventajas_y_desventajas_de_solidity\")\n                                   class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                                   data-level=\"2\">Ventajas y desventajas de Solidity<\/a>\n                                                                    <button class=\"StepProgress-item__arrow collapse-action-btn\" type=\"button\"\n                                            data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                                            data-bs-target=\"#sublist-ventajas_y_desventajas_de_solidity\"\n                                            aria-controls=\"sublist-ventajas_y_desventajas_de_solidity\">\n                                        <i class=\"icon-chevron-down\"><\/i>\n                                    <\/button>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <ol class=\"StepProgress-sub-list collapse\" id=\"sublist-ventajas_y_desventajas_de_solidity\">\n                                                                            <li class=\"StepProgress-sub-item\">\n                    <span>\n                      <a data-id=\"ventajas_de_solidity\"\n                         onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"ventajas_de_solidity\")\n                         class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                         data-level=\"3\">Ventajas de Solidity<\/a>\n                    <\/span>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li class=\"StepProgress-sub-item\">\n                    <span>\n                      <a data-id=\"desventajas_de_solidity\"\n                         onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"desventajas_de_solidity\")\n                         class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                         data-level=\"3\">Desventajas de Solidity<\/a>\n                    <\/span>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                    <\/ol>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                    \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t                                                      <li class=\"StepProgress-item ms_hidetoc\">\n                                                    <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                                <a data-id=\"ejemplo_de_solidity\"\n                                   onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"ejemplo_de_solidity\")\n                                   class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                                   data-level=\"2\">Ejemplo de Solidity<\/a>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/li>\n                    \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t  \t\t\t\t\t                                                      <li class=\"StepProgress-item ms_hidetoc\">\n                                                    <div class=\"StepProgress-item__group\">\n                                <a data-id=\"en_resumen\"\n                                   onclick=handleScrollToTitle(\"en_resumen\")\n                                   class=\"StepProgress-item__link\"\n                                   data-level=\"2\">En resumen<\/a>\n                                                            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}\n<\/script>\n\n<h2><span id=\"que_es_solidity\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 es Solidity?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Solidity es un <strong>lenguaje de programaci\u00f3n de alto nivel orientado a objetos y dise\u00f1ado espec\u00edficamente para crear e implementar contratos inteligentes en varias plataformas de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/blockchain\">blockchain<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Estas plataformas incluyen principalmente <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/ethereum\">Ethereum<\/a>, pero Solidity tambi\u00e9n se ha utilizado en otras, como <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/polkadot\">Polkadot<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"como_funciona_solidity\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo funciona Solidity?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La sintaxis de Solidity se inspira en <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/lenguaje-r\">lenguajes influyentes<\/a> como <strong>C++, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/lenguaje-r\">R<\/a>, Python y JavaScript<\/strong>, lo que le da un aire de familiaridad para los desarrolladores versados en estos lenguajes.<\/p>\n<p>Los contratos inteligentes, la aplicaci\u00f3n central de Solidity, son contratos autoejecutables cuyos t\u00e9rminos se escriben directamente en el c\u00f3digo.<\/p>\n<p>Permiten realizar transacciones y acuerdos de confianza sin necesidad de una autoridad central, un sistema legal o mecanismos de aplicaci\u00f3n externos.<\/p>\n<p>Solidity da vida a estos contratos, proporcionando un s\u00f3lido conjunto de caracter\u00edsticas, como variables miembro complejas, esquemas de herencia y funciones de tipo seguro, para <strong>crear aplicaciones de blockchain complejas y seguras<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Ejecut\u00e1ndose en la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/ethereum-virtual-machine-evm\">M\u00e1quina Virtual Ethereum<\/a> (&#8220;<em>Ethereum Virtual Machine<\/em>&#8221; o &#8220;<em>EVM<\/em>&#8220;) o en m\u00e1quinas virtuales compatibles con EVM, los programas Solidity aprovechan el poder de la <strong>tecnolog\u00eda blockchain<\/strong>, jugando un papel crucial en el desarrollo y operaci\u00f3n de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/aplicacion-descentralizada-dapp\">aplicaciones descentralizadas<\/a> (dApps).<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"como_se_creo_solidity\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo se cre\u00f3 Solidity?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>En agosto de 2014, <strong>Gavin Wood<\/strong>, cofundador de Ethereum, propuso Solidity, un lenguaje de programaci\u00f3n orientado a objetos y dise\u00f1ado para permitir el desarrollo y la implementaci\u00f3n de contratos inteligentes en varias plataformas blockchain.<\/p>\n<p>Bajo la direcci\u00f3n del desarrollador principal, <strong>Christian Reitwiessner<\/strong>, un equipo de antiguos colaboradores del n\u00facleo de Ethereum, incluido Alex Beregszaszi, crearon Solidity.<\/p>\n<p>El lenguaje se asocia principalmente con la blockchain Ethereum, pero tambi\u00e9n funciona sin problemas con otras m\u00e1quinas virtuales compatibles con EVM.<\/p>\n<p>La creaci\u00f3n de Solidity coincidi\u00f3 con el aumento de popularidad de la blockchain orientada a empresas de Ethereum, <strong>Hyperledger Fabric<\/strong>, y tambi\u00e9n de las cadenas de bloques privadas.<\/p>\n<p>Se identificaron amplias aplicaciones para ello. Por ejemplo, SWIFT aprovech\u00f3 sus capacidades en una prueba de concepto ejecutada en Hyperledger Fabric.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"ventajas_y_desventajas_de_solidity\">Ventajas y desventajas de Solidity<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"ventajas_de_solidity\">Ventajas de Solidity<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Capacidades robustas<\/strong>: La adopci\u00f3n de Solidity para crear aplicaciones blockchain se debe en gran medida a la solidez de sus capacidades<\/li>\n<li><strong>Desarrollo de contratos inteligentes<\/strong>: Solidity permite el desarrollo de contratos inteligentes que son seguros, confiables y tienen el potencial de mejorar la eficiencia operativa, reducir los costos y minimizar la dependencia de terceros.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sintaxis familiar<\/strong>: La sintaxis de Solidity, inspirada en C++, Python y JavaScript, lo convierte en un terreno familiar para los desarrolladores familiarizados con estos lenguajes. Solidity utiliza en gran medida variables, funciones, operaciones aritm\u00e9ticas y otros conceptos de programaci\u00f3n conocidos.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Abundante documentaci\u00f3n y casos de uso<\/strong>: Una gran cantidad de documentaci\u00f3n de c\u00f3digo abierto y casos de uso para las cadenas Ethereum y EVM hacen que la tarea de construir aplicaciones complejas sea menos abrumadora.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Funcionalidades innovadoras<\/strong>: Incluso en situaciones que requieren funcionalidades innovadoras como el <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/yield-farming-defi\">farming de liquidez<\/a> y los pr\u00e9stamos, uno puede simplemente <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/bifurcacion-blockchain\">bifurcar<\/a> el c\u00f3digo fuente de intercambios descentralizados populares como <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techopedia.com\/es\/definicion\/uniswap-uni\">Uniswap<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"desventajas_de_solidity\">Desventajas de Solidity<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Como cualquier lenguaje, Solidity tiene sus desventajas.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Inmutabilidad de los contratos inteligentes<\/strong>: La inmutabilidad de los contratos inteligentes en Solidity, aunque beneficiosa en muchos casos, puede plantear problemas. Una vez que se despliega un contrato, no se puede alterar ni mejorar, lo que puede resultar problem\u00e1tico en entornos din\u00e1micos.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Limitaciones en la recopilaci\u00f3n y actualizaci\u00f3n de informaci\u00f3n<\/strong>: Solidity, al igual que otros sistemas basados en blockchain, no puede recopilar y actualizar informaci\u00f3n en su sistema de forma aut\u00f3noma. Esto se convierte en un problema cr\u00edtico cuando se manejan datos vol\u00e1tiles como los pares de divisas (forex).<\/li>\n<li><strong>La relativa escasez de bibliotecas y recursos<\/strong>: En comparaci\u00f3n con lenguajes maduros como C o Java, Solidity a\u00fan se encuentra en su infancia. A pesar de su creciente popularidad, la relativa escasez de bibliotecas y recursos puede convertir el aprendizaje de Solidity en una tarea dif\u00edcil para los principiantes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"ejemplo_de_solidity\">Ejemplo de Solidity<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\/\/ SPDX-Licencia-Identificador: GPL-3.0<br \/>\npragma solidity ^0.8.4;<\/p>\n<p>contrato Moneda {<br \/>\n\/\/ La palabra clave &#8220;p\u00fablico&#8221; hace que las variables<br \/>\n\/\/ accesibles desde otros contratos<br \/>\ndirecci\u00f3n p\u00fablico acu\u00f1ador;<br \/>\nmapeo(direcci\u00f3n =&gt; uint) saldos p\u00fablicos;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ Los eventos permiten a los clientes reaccionar a<br \/>\n\/\/ cambios espec\u00edficos en el contrato<br \/>\nevento Enviado(direcci\u00f3n desde, direcci\u00f3n hasta, cantidad uint);<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ El c\u00f3digo del constructor s\u00f3lo se ejecuta cuando el contrato<br \/>\n\/\/ se crea<br \/>\nconstructor() {<br \/>\nacu\u00f1ador = msg. remitente;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ Env\u00eda una cantidad de monedas reci\u00e9n creadas a una direcci\u00f3n<br \/>\n\/\/ S\u00f3lo puede ser ejecutada por el creador del contrato<br \/>\nfunci\u00f3n acu\u00f1ar(direcci\u00f3n receptor, cantidad uint) p\u00fablico {<br \/>\nrequiere(msg. remitente == acu\u00f1ador);<br \/>\nsaldos[receptor] += cantidad;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ Los errores permiten proporcionar informaci\u00f3n sobre<br \/>\n\/\/ por qu\u00e9 ha fallado una operaci\u00f3n. Se devuelven<br \/>\n\/\/ a la persona que ejecuta la funci\u00f3n.<br \/>\nerror SaldoInsuficiente(uint solicitado, uint disponible);<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ Env\u00eda una cantidad de monedas existentes<br \/>\n\/\/ de cualquier emisor a una direcci\u00f3n<br \/>\nfunci\u00f3n enviar(direcci\u00f3n receptor, uint importe) p\u00fablico {<br \/>\nsi (importe &gt; saldos[msg.remitente])<br \/>\nrevierte SaldoInsuficiente({<br \/>\nsolicitado: importe,<br \/>\ndisponible: saldos[msg. remitente]\n});<\/p>\n<p>saldos[msg.remitente] -= importe;<br \/>\nsaldos[receptor] += importe;<br \/>\nemite Enviado(msg.remitente, receptor, importe);<br \/>\n}<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"en_resumen\">En resumen<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A pesar de la pl\u00e9tora de desaf\u00edos que presenta por ser un lenguaje de programaci\u00f3n nuevo y emergente, Solidity se ha hecho un hueco importante en el panorama de la programaci\u00f3n debido a <strong>su papel decisivo en el impulso de los contratos inteligentes de Ethereum<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Como cualquier herramienta, su eficacia depende de c\u00f3mo se utilice, lo que exige que los desarrolladores sean conscientes tanto de sus puntos fuertes como de sus limitaciones para aprovechar al m\u00e1ximo su potencial.<\/p>\n<p>A medida que crezca el papel de los <strong>contratos inteligentes<\/strong> en el futuro de los ecosistemas financieros, cabe esperar que tambi\u00e9n crezca el papel de Solidity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es Solidity? Solidity es un lenguaje de programaci\u00f3n de alto nivel orientado a objetos y dise\u00f1ado espec\u00edficamente para crear e implementar contratos inteligentes en varias plataformas de blockchain. Estas plataformas incluyen principalmente Ethereum, pero Solidity tambi\u00e9n se ha utilizado en otras, como Polkadot. \u00bfC\u00f3mo funciona Solidity? La sintaxis de Solidity se inspira en lenguajes [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":286474,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"definitioncat":[39,32],"class_list":["post-2563","definition","type-definition","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","definitioncat-blockchain","definitioncat-criptomonedas"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.8 (Yoast SEO v23.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Gu\u00eda completa sobre el lenguaje de programaci\u00f3n Solidity<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En este articulo encontrar\u00e1s una gu\u00eda completa sobre Solidity y el porqu\u00e9 de su \u00e9xito en el impulso de los contratos inteligentes de Ethereum\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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