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A logical topology is a concept in networking that defines the architecture of the communication mechanism for all nodes in a network. Using network equipment such as routers and switches, the logical topology of a network can be dynamically maintained and reconfigured.
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Logical topologies contrasts with physical topologies, which refer to the physical interconnections of all devices in the network.
Techopedia Explains Logical Topology
The logical topology defines how the data should transfer. Contrast this to the physical topology, which consists of the layout of cables, network devices and wiring.
Two of the most common logical topologies are:
- Bus topology: Ethernet uses the logical bus topology to transfer data. Under a bus topology a node broadcasts the data to the entire network. All other nodes on the network hear the data and check if the data is intended for them.
- Ring topology: In this topology, only one node can be allowed to transfer the data in a network at a given time. This mechanism is achieved by token (the node having token only can transmit the data in a network) and hence the collision can be avoided in a network.
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